- Title
- Delayed initiation of antenatal care and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Creator
- Tesfaye, Gezahegn; Loxton, Deborah; Chojenta, Catherine; Semahegn, Agumasie; Smith, Roger
- Relation
- Reproductive Health Vol. 14, Issue 1, no. 150
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-017-0412-4
- Publisher
- BioMed Central
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2017
- Description
- Background: Antenatal care uptake is among the key indicators for monitoring the progress of maternal outcomes. Early initiation of antenatal care facilitates the timely management and treatment of pregnancy complications to reduce maternal deaths. In Ethiopia, antenatal care utilization is generally low, and delayed initiation of care is very common. We aimed to systematically identify and synthesize available evidence on delayed initiation of antenatal care and the associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods: Studies published in English from 1 January 2002 to 30 April 2017 were systematically searched from PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and other relevant sources. Two authors independently reviewed the identified studies against the eligibility criteria. The included studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs-MAStARI instrument for observational studies. Meta-analysis was conducted in RevMan v5.3 for Windows using a Mantel–Haenszel random effects model. The presence of statistical heterogeneity was checked using the Cochran Q test, and its level was quantified using the I2 statistics. Pooled estimate of the proportion of the outcome variable was calculated. Pooled Odd Ratios with 95% CI were calculated to measure the effect sizes. Result: The pooled magnitude of delayed antenatal care in Ethiopia was 64% (95% CI: 57%, 70%). Maternal age (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.93), place of residence (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.50), maternal education (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.63), husband’s education (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.85), maternal occupation (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.93), monthly income (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.45), pregnancy intention (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.60), parity (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.58), knowledge of antenatal care (OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.51), women’s autonomy (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.94), partner involvement (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.75), pregnancy complications (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.95), and means of identifying pregnancy (OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.69) were significantly associated with delayed antenatal care. Conclusion: Improving female education and women’s empowerment through economic reforms, strengthening family planning programs to reduce unintended pregnancy and promoting partner involvement in pregnancy care could reduce the very high magnitude of delayed antenatal care in Ethiopia.
- Subject
- delayed antenatal care; associated factors; Ethiopia; systematic review; meta-analysis; Sustainable Development Goals; SDG 5
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1353551
- Identifier
- uon:31115
- Identifier
- ISSN:1742-4755
- Rights
- This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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